What Are a Cat’s Teeth? 10 Key Facts About Cat Dental Health

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Cat Dental Overview

Domestic cats have a total of 30 permanent teeth once their incisors, canines, premolars and molars are fully developed. Kittens begin life with 26 deciduous "milk" teeth, which are replaced by the adult dentition by about six months of age.

Why a Cat’s Teeth Matter

• Defense and Hunting – Cats use their sharp teeth to capture prey and protect themselves.
• Mastication – Chewing softens food and aids digestion.
• Prehension – A cat’s tongue and paws help secure food for swallowing.

Adult Cat Dental Chart

• 4 molars (2 upper, 2 lower)
• 10 premolars (4 lower, 6 upper)
• 4 canines (2 upper, 2 lower)
• 12 incisors (6 upper, 6 lower)

Types of Teeth

Incisors

Small front teeth used for holding prey and grooming. There are 12 in total, equally divided between the upper and lower jaws. They wear down over time and may fall out if severely damaged.

Canines

Four powerful fangs, each with a single long root anchored by robust ligaments. They are essential for cutting and tearing food.

Premolars

These teeth begin erupting after the canines and incisors. They are the primary cutters of flesh. Kittens have four lower premolars and six upper premolars.

Molars

Four molars (two upper, two lower) help grind bone and meat. They have complex root structures that can make extraction challenging.

Cat Dental Care

Professional dental cleanings typically cost between $400 and $800 USD, depending on anesthesia, extractions, and diagnostic tests. Regular cleanings help prevent periodontal disease and other complications.

Common Dental Issues

• Gingivitis – inflammation of the gums due to plaque buildup.
• Periodontal disease – advanced gum infection that can lead to tooth loss.
• Tooth resorption – painful loss of tooth structure often requiring extraction.
• Plaque and tartar – build‑ups that cause bad breath and gum irritation.

Kitten Teething

Kittens are born toothless. The first stage is the eruption of 26 milk teeth, which start to appear around 1–2 weeks. By 4–5 months, these teeth begin to fall out, and by 6 months the full adult dentition is established.

Teething Signs

• Restlessness or irritability
• Whining or vocalization during tooth eruption
• Gnawing on objects such as wires or furniture
• Reduced appetite or drooling
• Bad breath and gum inflammation

Preventing Tooth Loss

Regular veterinary check‑ups and cleanings are key. For older cats, especially those over six years, early detection of periodontal disease can preserve natural teeth.

Dental Treatments

Options include routine cleanings, extractions, and, in rare cases, orthodontic interventions such as braces for malocclusion. However, cats do not develop cavities in the same way humans do.

Post‑Extraction Care

After tooth removal, feed soft food and monitor for bleeding or swelling. If the cat prefers dry kibble, it can continue on that diet. Use veterinary guidance for any complications.

Home Dental Care

Begin brushing your cat’s teeth as soon as you bring them home. Use a cat‑specific toothbrush and fluoride‑free toothpaste. Consider dental treats, antimicrobial mouthwash, or dental wipes to reduce plaque.

Safety Tips

Cat bites can transmit bacteria even after the wound heals. Seek medical attention if bitten or scratched, especially if the bite is deep or the cat is not fully vaccinated.